What is a characteristic of all living organisms?
The table shows a section of DNA taken from four different organisms.
Which two organisms are the most distantly related to each other?
Scientists discover a new species of animal.
It has a segmented body with two pairs of legs on each segment.
To which group of animals does this new species belong?
The diagram shows a single-celled organism called Euglena
Which labelled structures would also be found in an animal cell?
The diagram shows some of the blood vessels and other structures in the human body.
The blood vessels shown are all parts of the same
A photograph shows a plant cell nucleus measuring 2 mm across.
If the magnification of the cell is x500, what is the actual size of the nucleus?
By which process do oxygen and carbon dioxide move between cells and capillaries?
Which process is involved in the uptake of glucose by the epithelial cells of kidney tubules?
Which element is found in proteins but not carbohydrates?
The diagram shows a short section of a single strand of DNA.
Which strand of DNA will combine with this strand to form part of a double helix?
Starch is digested by amylase in the mouth, but it is not digested in the stomach.
What is the reason for this?
Which statement describes a catalyst?
A plant with striped leaves was kept in bright light for six hours.
A leaf was taken from the plant and the chlorophyll was removed. The leaf was then tested for starch using iodine solution.
Which diagram shows the result of the test?
The graph shows daily carbon dioxide uptake and transpiration by the plant Agave americana.
The plant is adapted to live in very dry conditions.
What can be concluded from this graph?
Statements 1 to 4 describe stages in the development of cholera.
1 Chloride ions are secreted into the gut.
2 Osmosis causes water to move into the gut.
3 The infected person becomes dehydrated.
4 Toxins are produced by the pathogenic bacteria.
What is the correct sequence of the four stages?
What are the products when proteins are broken down?
The diagram shows part of a cross-section of a root.
What are cells 1, 2 and 3?
The diagram shows an onion plant that has been grown from a seed. Each onion plant takes two years to flower and produce more seeds.
What is the onion bulb acting as in stage 3 and in stage 6?
What are the main vessels carrying blood to and from the kidney?
The photomicrograph shows human blood.
Which blood component makes antibodies?
A child is vaccinated against measles. After a period of time the child is infected with the measles virus.
The graph shows the concentration of measles antibodies in the child’s bloodstream during this time.
Which statement is consistent with the information in the graph?
Which sequence of changes takes place when we breathe in?
The list shows some processes that take place in a human body.
1 production of new red blood cells
2 transmission of nerve impulses from the eyes to the brain
3 diffusion of gases into and out of the lungs
Which processes use energy released by respiration?
Which equation is aerobic respiration?
Which statement about urea is correct?
The diagram shows the appearance of an eye when in bright light.
Which row gives the correct states of the iris muscles in bright light?
What is the effect of adrenaline on pulse rate and blood glucose concentration?
Which statements about auxin are correct?
1 Auxin is made in all cells in plants.
2 Auxin causes cells to elongate.
3 Auxin moves between the cells by osmosis.
4 Auxin is unequally distributed.
Scientists carried out a survey on the effect of giving up smoking on the risk of developing lung cancer. The results are shown in the graph.
The scientists made three conclusions:
1 Stopping smoking reduces the risk of developing lung cancer.
2 Age increases the risk of lung cancer for smokers and non-smokers.
3 The earlier people stop smoking, the lower the risk.
Which conclusions are correct?
A zygote has ten chromosomes in its nucleus.
Which row shows the number of chromosomes in the cells of this species?
How will the composition of a pregnant woman’s blood change as it passes through the placenta?
What carries a copy of the gene to the cytoplasm to make a protein?
Which statement about meiosis is correct?
Colour blindness is a characteristic that is sex-linked.
Which statement about colour blindness is correct?
The graph shows the percentage of different blood groups in a human population.
Which type of variation is shown by human blood groups?
New strains of the crop plant wheat can be produced by cross-breeding disease resistant plants with those that give high yields of grain.
What is this an example of?
The diagram shows the flow of energy.
Which form of energy is transferred at points 1 and 3 in the diagram?
The diagram shows the feeding relationships in a food web.
Which organism may feed as both a secondary and a tertiary consumer?
Why are bacteria useful in genetic engineering?
Which hormones can cause the feminisation of male fish?